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Suggested readings

Featured readings

• Nelson, Richard K. 1989. The Island Within, North Point Press, San Francisco, CA. xvi + 284 pp.

• Berry, Thomas. 1999. The Great Work: Our way into the future, Bell Towers Press, New York. xii + 241 pp.

• Hurd, T.M., D.J. Raynal, and C.R. Schwintzer. 2001."Symbiotic N2-fixation of Alnus incana ssp. rugosa in shrub wetlands of the Adirondack Mountains", New York, U.S.A. Oecologia 126:94-103.

• Muller-Schwarze, D., H. Brashear, R. Kinnel, K. Hintz, A. Lioubomirov, and C. Skibo. 2001."Food processing by animals: do beavers leach tree bark to improve palatability?", Journal of Chemical Ecology 27:1011-1028.

All Readings

Ecology and Ecosystem Management

recent listings

archives

Brown Bagger Archives

Current Season | developing a sense of place in interior Alaska.

1999-2000 |  sustainability, riparian management, adaptive management, ecosystem management.

1998-1999 | forest management, certification, ecosystem management, fish habitat, floodplain, humans as part of ecosystem, conservation easements, ethics, values.

1997-1998 | climate change effects, values, ethics, land ethic, ecosystem services, valuation methods, values jury, decision-making.

1996-1997 | sustained yield, sustainability, biodiversity

All years combined.

Ecology and Ecosystem Management

Recent Listings

• Hurd, T.M., D.J. Raynal, and C.R. Schwintzer. 2001.Symbiotic N2-fixation of Alnus incana ssp. rugosa in shrub wetlands of the Adirondack Mountains, New York, U.S.A. Oecologia 126:94-103.

• Muller-Schwarze, D., H. Brashear, R. Kinnel, K. Hintz, A. Lioubomirov, and C. Skibo. 2001.Food processing by animals: do beavers leach tree bark to improve palatability? Journal of Chemical Ecology 27:1011-1028.

• McFarland, Jack. 2001. The role of organic N in the nitrogen economy of floodplain balsam poplar stands in interior Alaska. Global Glimpses 9(1):8-10. (Center for Global Change and Arctic System Research)
  http://www.cgc.uaf.edu/Newsletter/gg9_1/vol9_1.html

• Sparrow, Elena Bautista. 2001.GLOBE: A new model in K-12 science education. Global Glimpses 9(1):1-4. . (Center for Global Change and Arctic System Research)
  http://www.cgc.uaf.edu/Newsletter/gg9_1/vol9_1.html

Archives

• Davis,  Neil. 2001. Permafrost, a guide to frozen ground in transition. University of Alaska Press, Fairbanks, AK. xvi + 351 pp.

• Gray, Gerald J., Maia J. Enzer, and Jonathan Kusel. 2001. Understanding community based forest ecosystem management. An editorial synthesis. Part I from the book Understand community-based ecosystem management: Proceedings of an American Forests Collaborative Workshop in Bend, Oregon. Editors - Gerald J. Gray, Maia J. Enzer, and Jonathan Kusel.
  

• Lance,Art N. and Mark Phinney. 2001. Bird responses to partial retention timber harvesting in central interior British Columbia. Forest Ecology and Management 142:267-280.
  

• Journal of Forestry. Vol 99(2) February 2001. This issue is a discussion guide on forest sustainability. The theme reflects many discussions that have taken place at the Council's Brown Bag series and elsewhere locally. Several of the articles should be of real interest to both professionals and interested non-professionals. If you can not find a friend with a copy, there is one in the Biosciences Library on West Ridge, UAF.

• Murphy Jr., Cornelius B., “The Responsibility of Higher Education in the Twenty-first Century” printed in “Inside ESF”, Winter 2001:12. ©2001 SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY. “Reprinted by permission of the SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York.
  

• Myers, H. 2001. From fur to fir: Lessons for the BC forest industry from the anti-fur campaign. The Forestry Chronicle 77: 77—84.

• Nilsson, S. and M. Gluck. 2001. Sustainability and the Canadian forest sector. The Forestry Chronicle 77: 39—47.

• Oliver, C.D. 2001. Policies and practices: Options for pursuing forest sustainability. The Forestry Chronicle 77: 49—60.

• Stevens, Peter R. 1997. Measuring the sustainability of forest village ecosystems - concepts and methodologies, a Turkish example. CSIRO, Forestry and Forest Products Technical Report No. 103. 33 pp. (A5) Australian Tree Seed Centre. ( Abstract only.)
  

  
  

• Roessler, J.S. and E.C. Packee. 2000. Disturbance history of the Tanana River Basin in Alaska: Management implications. Pages 46ÿ57 In W.K. Moser and C.F. Moser (eds.) Fire and forest ecology: innovative silviculture and vegetation management. Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference Proceedings, 21. Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, FL.

   

• Bliss, John C. 2000. Public perceptions of clearcutting. Journal of Forestry 98(12):4-9.

• Schiller, Andrew, Carolyn T. Hunsaker, Michael A. Kane, Amy K. Wolfe, Virginia H. Dale, Glenn W. Suter, Clifford S. Russell, Georgine Pion, Molly H. Jensen, and Victoria C. Konar. 2001.Communicating ecological indicators to decision makers and the public. Conservation Ecology 5(1):19. [online]   Anyone unfamiliar with this journal should explore other issues and articles; it contains many excellent and important discussions.

  
  

• Shindler, Bruce. 2000. Landscape-level management, it's all about context. Journal of Forestry 98(12):10-14.

• Willick, M.L. 2001. Forest sustainability: Ontario combines science, policy and consensus. The Forestry Chronicle 77: 65—68.

• Bunnell,F.; Kremsater,L.;and Wind,E. 1999. Managing to sustain vertebrate richness in forests of the Pacific Northwest; relationships within stands. Environmental Reviews 7(no. 3):97.

• Wurtz, T. L. and J. C. Zasada. 2001. An alternative to clear-cutting in the boreal forest of Alaska: a 27-year study of regeneration after shelterwood harvesting. Can. J. For. Res. 31:999-1011.

• Corona,Piermaria; Zeide,Boris (eds.) (1999): Contested issues of ecosystem managment (in En). (Co-published simultaneously as Journal of Sustainable Forestry, Vol 9, Nos. 1/2. 1999.) Food Products Press, An imprint of The Haworth Press, Inc., Binghamton, NY. iv + 180. pages. ISBN 1-56022-065-1. (UAF BioSci QH75 C6845 1999) The separate chapters are listed below:
  • Zeide,Boris (1999): Conceptual issues in ecosystem management. In: Contested issues of ecosystem managment.Pp, 1-20.
  • Lackey,Robert T (1999): Radically contested assertions in ecosystem management. Pp. 21-34
  • Arney,James D (1999): Avenues to ecosystem balance in a human world. Pp. 45-57.
  • Ciancio,Orazio; Corona,Piermaria; Iovino,Francesco; Menguzzato,Giuliano; Scotti,Roberto (1999): Forest managment on a natural basis: The fundamentals and case studies. Pp. 59-72.
  • Ricotta,Carlo; Corona,Piermaria; Marchetti,Marco (1999): Informational analysis of forest landscape spatial heterogeneity. Pp. 97-106.
  • Bower,David R (1999): Place of intensive forestry in ecosystem management. Pp. 107-115.
  • Moore,Patrick (1999): Pacific spirit the forest reborn. Pp. 135-155 Semevski,Fedor; Zeide,Boris (1999): Sustainable environment through calibrated resource taxation. Pp. 157-158

Brown Bagger Archives

Current Season

• Haines, John. 1981. Living off the country: essays on poetry and place. The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Mich.

• Nelson, Richard K. 1989. The island within. North Point Press, San Francisco, CA. xvi + 284 pp.

• Berry, Thomas. 1999. The Great Work: Our way into the future, Bell Towers Press, New York. xii + 241 pp.

• Berry, Thomas. 1996. Ethics and ecology. A paper delivered to the Harvard Seminar on Environmental Values Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. 6 pp.http://www.ecoethics.net/ops/eth%26ecol.htm

• Pojman,Louis P. 1998. Environmental ethics: readings in theory and application. 2nd edition. Wadsworth Publishing Co., Portland, OR. 568 pp. (Read Chap. 3, pp. 21 - 25. This is a reply by Moncrief to White's (1967) paper listed below.) White,Lynn. 1967. The historical roots of our ecological crisis. Science 155:1203 - 1207 (10 March 1967). The full citation for Moncrief's original paper is: Moncrief, Lewis W. 1970. The cultural basis of our environmental crisis. Science 170:508 - 512 (30 October 1970).

• Pojman,Louis P. 1998. Environmental ethics: readings in theory and application. 2nd edition. Wadsworth Publishing Co., Portland, OR. 568 pp. (Read Chap. 1, pp. 12 - 21. This includes the White (1967) paper listed below.) White,Lynn. 1967. The historical roots of our ecological crisis. Science 155:1203 - 1207 (10 March 1967).

• Costanza, R. 1994. Three general policies to achieve sustainability. pp 392-407 in: A. M. Jansson, M. Hammer, C. Folke, and R. Costanza (eds.), Investing in Natural Capital: The Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainability. Island Press, Washington, DC, 504 pp.
  dieoff.org http://dieoff.org/page87.htm

• Kerr, Andy. 2000. Twenty-five actions to end growth in Oregon. Alternatives to Growth, Oregon. Portland, Oregon. 10 pp.
  http://www.agoregon.org/publications/twenty-five.asp

• Haines, John. 1981. Introduction, and "The writer as Alaskan: beginnings and reflections." pp. 3-21. In: Living off the country: essays on poetry and place. The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Mich.

1999-2000

• Kagle, R. 1998. Riparian zones: ecological importance and current management strategies. Senior seminar. (Anthropology/Biology/Geology 397) presented at (Bryn Mawr College), New York, NY. http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Geo/SenSem/1998/Rebecca_2/riparianzones.html (broken on 01/02/20).
• Rogers, K.H. 1998. Managing science/management partnerships: a challenge of adaptive management. (Response to Walters 1997. "Challenges in adaptive management of riparian and coastal ecosystems."). Conservation Ecology [online] 2: resp. 1. (Available at http://www.consecol.org/vol2/iss2/resp1.)
• Vogt, K.A., J.C. Gordon, J.P. Wargo, D.J. Vogt, H. Asbjornsen, P.A. Palmiotto, H.J. Clark, J.L. O'Hara, W.S. Keaton, toral Patel-Weynand and E. Witten. 1997. Ecosystems,balancing science with management. Springer Verlag, New York, NY.
• Walters, C. 1997. Challenges in adaptive management of riparian and coastal ecosystems. Conservation Ecology [online] 1: art. 1. (See http://www.consecol.org/vol1/is2/art1.)
• Yaffee, S.L. 1997. Why environmental policy nightmares recur. Conservation Biology 11: 328—337.
• Yaffee, S.L. 1999. Three faces of ecosystem management. Conservation Biology 13: 713—725.

1998-1999

• Armstrong, S.J. and R.G. Botzler (eds.). 1993. Environmental ethics: divergence and convergence. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY.
• Bass, R. 1998. Protecting the Big Wild. Inner Voice 1998: 17—23.
• Bosselman, F.P. and A.D. Tarlock. 1994. The influence of ecological science on American law: an introduction. Chicago-Kent Law Review 69: 847—863.
• Cortner, H.J., M.A. Shannon, M.G. Wallace, S. Burke and M.A. Moote. 1996. Institutional barriers and incentives for ecosystem management: a problem analysis. General Technical Report, PNW-GTR 354. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR.
• Cronon, W. 1996. The trouble with wilderness; or, getting back to the wrong nature. Pages 69—90 In W. Cronon (ed.) Uncommon ground: Rethinking the human place in nature. W. W. Norton, New York, NY.
• Dean, F.C. n.d. [1997] Certification of forests - What is it? Current status? Un-numbered report of the Alaska Boreal Forest Council. Fairbanks, AK. 9 pp.
• Fleahy, B.J. 1995. Conclusion. Pages 129—140 In The decline of the Age of Oil. Pluto Press Australia, Sydney, AU.
• Freyfogle, E.T. 1993. Justice and the earth: Images for our planetary survival. The Free Press (Macmillan), New York.
• Freyfogle, E.T. 1996. Ethics, community, and private land. Ecological Law Quarterly 23: 631—661.
• Grumbine, R.E. 1997. Reflections on "What is ecosystem management?". Conservation Biology 11: 41—47.
• Kennedy, J.J. and T.M. Quigley. 1994. Evolution of Forest Service organizational culture and adaptation issues in embracing ecosystem management. Pages 16—26 In R.L. Everett (ed.) Eastside forest ecosystem health assessment. Ecosystem management: principles and applications, II. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Northern Region; The Nature Conservancy, Portland,OR.
• Likens, G.E. 1985. An ecosystem approach to aquatic ecology. Mirror Lake and its environment. Springer Verlag, New York, NY.
• Likens, G.E. and H. Bormann. 1985. An ecosystem approach. Pages 1—8 In G.E. Likens (ed.) An ecosystem approach to aquatic ecology. Mirror Lake and its environment. Springer Verlag, New York, NY.
• Merchant, C. 1996. Reinventing Eden: Western culture as a recovery narrative. Pages 132—159. In W. Cronon (ed.) Uncommon ground: Rethinking the human place in nature. W. W. Norton, New York, NY.
• Moore, K.D. 1999. An ethic of care. Inner Voice 1999: 15—16.
• Petzinger, T., Jr. 1999. A new model for the nature of business: It's alive. Wall Street Journal, New York, NY, 26 Feb, B—1.
• Pollan, M. 1991. The idea of a garden. Pages 176—201 In Second nature: a gardener's education. 1st edition. The Atlantic Monthly Press, New York, NY. (paper)
• Power, G. 1997. A review of fish ecology in arctic North America. American Fisheries Society Symposium 19: 13—39.
• Rothman, H.K. (ed.). 1998. Reopening the American West. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.
• Wildavsky, A. 1987. Choosing preferences by constructing institutions: a cultural theory of preference formation. American Political Science Review 81: 3—21.
• Worster, D. 1998. The legacy of John Wesley Powell. Pages 77—89 In H.K. Rothman (ed.) Reopening the American West. The University of Arizona Press, Tuscon, AZ.

1997-1998

• Armstrong, S.J. and R.G. Botzler (eds.). 1993. The role of moral philosophy. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY.
• Brown, T.C., G.L. Peterson and B.I. Tonn. 1995. The values jury to aid natural resource decisions. Land Economics 71: 250—260.
• Costanza, R., R. d'Arge, R. de Groot, S. Farber, M. Grasso, B. Hannon, K. Limburg, S. Naeem, R.V. O'Neill, J. Paruelo, R.G. Raskin, P. Sutton and M. van den Belt. 1997. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature (London) 387: 253—260.
• Costanza, R. and C. Folke. 1997. Valuing ecosystem services with efficiency, fairness, and sustainability as goals. Pages 49—68 In G.C. Daily (ed.) Nature's services. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
• Daily, G.C. (ed.). 1997. Nature's services. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
• Eade, J.D.O. and D. Moran. 1996. Spatial economic valuation: benefits transfer using geographical information systems. Journal of Environmental Management 48: 97—110.
• Frolich, N. 1992. An impartial reasoning solution to the Prisoner's Dilemma. Public Choice 74: 447—460.
• Grey, F. 1996. Estimating values for Australia's native forests. Environmental Economics Paper 4. Commonwealth of Australia, Department of the Environment, Sport and Territories, Canberra, Australia. (pdf file available.)
• Leopold, A. 1993. The Land Ethic. Pages 373—397 In S.J. Armstrong and R.G. Botzler (eds.) The role of moral philosophy. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY.
• Leopold, A. 1999. For the health of the land. Previously unpublished essays and other writings. Island Press/Shearwater Books, Washington, D.C.
• Mayo, L.R. 1996. Taiga ecosystem values and benefits: views expressed by citizens of Fairbanks, Alaska. Unpublished paper of the Alaska Boreal Forest Council, Fairbanks, AK. 1 p. (Started in 1991; last revision in 1996?)
• Partridge, E. 1986. Values in nature: Is anybody there? Philosophical Inquiry 8: 96—110.
• Partridge, E. 1996. What good is a planet? An exploration of natural axiology. Lecture presented at symposium "Second Annual Hulings Lecture at Northland College". At (Northland College), Northland College, May 3, 1996. 21. http://www.northland.edu/phr/Hulings2.html
• Rawls, J. 1999. A theory of justice. Revised edition. Belknap Press (Harvard University Press), Cambridge, MA.
• Rolston, H., III. 1982. Are values in nature subjective or objective? Environmental Ethics 4: 125—151.
• Sagoff, M.; 1998. Reply in newsgroup to Costanza et al. in Nature (387) 15 May 1997. ISEE - Forum; 6 Jan 1998 and http://www.puaf.umd.edu/IPPP.
• Smith, G.R. 1997. Making decisions in a complex and dynamic world. Pages 419—435 In K.A. Kohm and J.F. Franklin (eds.) Creating a forestry for the 21st Century: the science of ecosystem management. Island Press, Washington, D.C.

1996-1997

• Brunner, R.D. and T.W. Clark. 1997. A practice-based approach to ecosystem management. Conservation Biology 11: 48—58.
• DeLong, D.C. 1996. Defining biodiversity. Wildlife Society Bulletin 24: 738—749.
• Parry, T., H.J. Vaux and N. Dennis. 1983. Changing conceptions of sustained yield policy on the national forests. Journal of Forestry 81: 150—154.

Alphabetical Listing

This list does not include the latest series. See the “Current Year” list for the series now in progress.

• Armstrong, S.J. and R.G. Botzler (eds.). 1993. Environmental ethics: divergence and convergence. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY.
• Armstrong, S.J. and R.G. Botzler (eds.). 1993. The role of moral philosophy. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY.
• Bass, R. 1998. Protecting the Big Wild. Inner Voice 1998: 17—23.
• Bosselman, F.P. and A.D. Tarlock. 1994. The influence of ecological science on American law: an introduction. Chicago-Kent Law Review 69: 847—863.
• Brown, T.C., G.L. Peterson and B.I. Tonn. 1995. The values jury to aid natural resource decisions. Land Economics 71: 250—260.
• Brunner, R.D. and T.W. Clark. 1997. A practice-based approach to ecosystem management. Conservation Biology 11: 48—58.
• Cortner, H.J., M.A. Shannon, M.G. Wallace, S. Burke and M.A. Moote. 1996. Institutional barriers and incentives for ecosystem management: a problem analysis. General Technical Report, PNW-GTR 354. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR.
• Costanza, R., R. d'Arge, R. de Groot, S. Farber, M. Grasso, B. Hannon, K. Limburg, S. Naeem, R.V. O'Neill, J. Paruelo, R.G. Raskin, P. Sutton and M. van den Belt. 1997. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature (London) 387: 253—260.
• Costanza, R. and C. Folke. 1997. Valuing ecosystem services with efficiency, fairness, and sustainability as goals. Pages 49—68 In G.C. Daily (ed.) Nature's services. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
• Cronon, W. 1996. The trouble with wilderness; or, getting back to the wrong nature. Pages 69—90 In W. Cronon (ed.) Uncommon ground: Rethinking the human place in nature. W. W. Norton, New York, NY.
• Daily, G.C. (ed.). 1997. Nature's services. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
• Dean, F.C. n.d. [1997] Certification of forests - What is it? Current status? Unnumbered report of the Alaska Boreal Forest Council. Fairbanks, AK. 9 pp.
• DeLong, D.C. 1996. Defining biodiversity. Wildlife Society Bulletin 24: 738—749.
• Eade, J.D.O. and D. Moran. 1996. Spatial economic valuation: benefits transfer using geographical information systems. Journal of Environmental Management 48: 97—110.
• Fleahy, B.J. 1995. Conclusion. Pages 129—140 In The decline of the Age of Oil. Pluto Press Australia, Sydney, AU.
• Freyfogle, E.T. 1993. Justice and the earth: Images for our planetary survival. The Free Press (Macmillan), New York.
• Freyfogle, E.T. 1996. Ethics, community, and private land. Ecological Law Quarterly 23: 631—661.
• Frolich, N. 1992. An impartial reasoning solution to the Prisoner's Dilemma. Public Choice 74: 447—460.
• Grey, F. 1996. Estimating values for Australia's native forests. Environmental Economics Paper 4. Commonwealth of Australia, Department of the Environment, Sport and Territories, Canberra, Australia. (pdf file available.)
• Grumbine, R.E. 1997. Reflections on "What is ecosystem management?". Conservation Biology 11: 41—47.
• Kagle, R. 1998. Riparian zones: ecological importance and current management strategies. Senior seminar. (Anthropology/Biology/Geology 397) presented at (Bryn Mawr College), New York, NY. http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Geo/SenSem/1998/Rebecca_2/riparianzones.html (broken on 010220).
• Kennedy, J.J. and T.M. Quigley. 1994. Evolution of Forest Service organizational culture and adaptation issues in embracing ecosystem management. Pages 16—26 In R.L. Everett (ed.) Eastside forest ecosystem health assessment. Ecosystem management: principles and applications, II. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Northern Region; The Nature Conservancy, Portland,OR.
• Leopold, A. 1993. The Land Ethic. Pages 373—397 In S.J. Armstrong and R.G. Botzler (eds.) The role of moral philosophy. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY.
• Leopold, A. 1999. For the health of the land. Previously unpublished essays and other writings. Island Press/Shearwater Books, Washington, D.C.
• Likens, G.E. 1985. An ecosystem approach to aquatic ecology. Mirror Lake and its environment. Springer Verlag, New York, NY.
• Likens, G.E. and H. Bormann. 1985. An ecosystem approach. Pages 1—8 In G.E. Likens (ed.) An ecosystem approach to aquatic ecology. Mirror Lake and its environment. Springer Verlag, New York, NY.
• Mayo, L.R. [1996]. Taiga ecosystem values and benefits: views expressed by citizens of Fairbanks, Alaska. Unpublished paper of the Alaska Boreal Forest Council, Fairbanks, AK. 1 p.
• Merchant, C. 1996. Reinventing Eden: Western culture as a recovery narrative. Pages 132—159. In W. Cronon (ed.) Uncommon ground: Rethinking the human place in nature. W. W. Norton, New York, NY.
• Moore, K.D. 1999. An ethic of care. Inner Voice 1999: 15—16.
• Parry, T. 1983. Changing conceptions of sustained-yield policy on the national forests. Journal of Forestry.
• Parry, T., H.J. Vaux and N. Dennis. 1983. Changing conceptions of sustained yield policy on the national forests. Journal of Forestry 81: 150—154.
• Partridge, E. 1986. Values in nature: Is anybody there? Philosophical Inquiry 8: 96—110.
• Partridge, E. (1996). What good is a planet? An exploration of natural axiology. Lecture presented at symposium "Second Annual Hulings Lecture at Northland College". At (Northland College), Northland College, May 3, 1996. 21 p. http://www.northland.edu/phr/Hulings2.html
• Petzinger, T., Jr. 1999. A new model for the nature of business: It's alive. Wall Street Journal, New York, NY, 26 Feb, B—1.
• Pollan, M. 1991. The idea of a garden. Pages 176—201 In Second nature: a gardener's education. 1st edition. The Atlantic Monthly Press, New York, NY. (paper)
• Power, G. 1997. A review of fish ecology in arctic North America. American Fisheries Society Symposium 19: 13—39.
• Rawls, J. 1999. A theory of justice. Revised edition. Belknap Press (Harvard University Press), Cambridge, MA.
• Rogers, K.H. 1998. Managing science/management partnerships: a challenge of adaptive management. (Response to Walters 1997. "Challenges in adaptive management of riparian and coastal ecosystems."). Conservation Ecology [online] 2: resp. 1. (Available at http://www.consecol.org/vol2/iss2/resp1.)
• Rolston, H., III. 1982. Are values in nature subjective or objective? Environmental Ethics 4: 125—151.
• Rothman, H.K. (ed.). 1998. Reopening the American West. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.
• Sagoff, M.; 1998. Reply in newsgroup to Costanza et al. in Nature (387) 15 May 1997. ISEE - Forum; 6 Jan 1998 and http://www.puaf.umd.edu/IPPP.
• Smith, G.R. 1997. Making decisions in a complex and dynamic world. Pages 419—435 In K.A. Kohm and J.F. Franklin (eds.) Creating a forestry for the 21st Century: the science of ecosystem management. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
• Vogt, K.A., J.C. Gordon, J.P. Wargo, D.J. Vogt, H. Asbjornsen, P.A. Palmiotto, H.J. Clark, J.L. O'Hara, W.S. Keaton, toral Patel-Weynand and E. Witten. 1997. Ecosystems,balancing science with management. Springer Verlag, New York, NY.
• Walters, C. 1997. Challenges in adaptive management of riparian and coastal ecosystems. Conservation Ecology [online] 1: art. 1. (See http://www.consecol.org/vol1/is2/art1.)
• Wildavsky, A. 1987. Choosing preferences by constructing institutions: a cultural theory of preference formation. American Political Science Review 81: 3—21.
• Worster, D. 1998. The legacy of John Wesley Powell. Pages 77—89 In H.K. Rothman (ed.) Reopening the American West. The University of Arizona Press, Tuscon, AZ.
• Yaffee, S.L. 1997. Why environmental policy nightmares recur. Conservation Biology 11: 328—337.
• Yaffee, S.L. 1999. Three faces of ecosystem management. Conservation Biology 13: 713—725.

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